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Since the meniscus is an important stabilizing structure of the knee joint and has a significant role in load-bearing and shock absorption, so the complete structural and functional reconstructions of the teared menisci should be done not only after partial meniscectomy but also post total meniscectomy. So far, animal experiments and good clinical practice have showed that the total meniscus allograft transplantation (TMAT) after total meniscectomy has partially solved the problem of structural and functional reconstructions after total meniscectomy. However, partial meniscectomy will also lead to accelerated knee degeneration, and its proportion is much higher than that of patients with total meniscectomy.Herein, the feasibility of partial meniscus allograft transplantations (PMAT) after partial meniscectomy was investigated for the first time by using the 40% posterior horn meniscectomy model of the medial meniscus in Beagle dogs, and also for the first time, TMAT group and the total meniscectomy group were used as control groups. Compared with the TMAT, the transcriptomics evaluation, scanning electron microscope observation, histological regeneration and structure, biomechanical property, inflammation environment, and the knee function post PMAT were more similar to that of normal meniscus was first reported. This study provides a PMAT scheme with clinical translational value for the complete structural and functional reconstruction of the patients with partial meniscectomy and fills the gap in the field of teared meniscus therapy on the basis of quite well clinical applications of the meniscus repair and the TMAT
Jia-Kuo Yu, PhD supervisor, director of the Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, director of the Department of Sports Medicine and Knee Surgery of Peking University Third Hospital. Studied in Germany as a senior visiting scholar between 1999 and 2001. Expert enjoying the special allowance of The State Council. Chairman of Geriatric Sports Medicine Branch of Chinese Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics.Group leader of Passive Implants of Medical Device Classification Technical Committee of State Drug Administration. Vice chairman of biomaterial advanced manufacturing branch of Chinese biomaterials Society. 99 English articles were published as the first author or corresponding author. 10 monographs of the chief editor or deputy chief editor. 66 patents have been granted (including 18 invention patents), 32 patents have been converted. The total amount of conversion exceeds RMB 100 million.
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Introduction: Brolucizumab can be used to treat neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) because it antagonizes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the vitreous, as demonstrated in pivotal clinical trials. However, brolucizumab may cause retinal vasculitisobliterans in the presence of inflammation in the eyes. In the present study, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab. Methods: Clinic Trail.gov., Embase, Cochrane library, Pubmed were retrieved from inception until December 31th, 2021 for RCTs assessing the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab. Changes in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), and Central Sub-Field Thickness (CSFT), incidence of adverse events, serious adverse events and serious ocular adverse events were extracted from eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4.1. Results: Six RCTs with 3574 participants were finally involved in this meta-analysis. The changes of BCVA were not statistically significant different between brolucizumab treated group and aflibercept group. Brolucizumab induced higher CSFT reduction compared with control agent (aflibercept). The incidence of adverse events was similar between brolucizumab group and control group (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.08, P=0.09), and brolucizumab caused less serious adverse events (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.95, P=0.01). However, brolucizumab could lead to more serious ocular adverse events than lucentis and aflibercept (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.16, P=0.02). Conclusion:Brolucizumab was non-inferior to other anti-VEGF agents in improving BCVA and decrease CSFT. But it caused more serious ocular adverse events which is worthy of special attention by ophthalmologists.
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Vectorization of viruses provides the approach to exploit the remarkable viral capabilities of delivering genetic material to host cells. In the past decade, viral vector mediated gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for multiple inherited and acquired human diseases. Following just a single application, GT is capable of providing curative treatment or achieving long-lasting therapeutic benefits, which fundamentally distinguishes itself from traditional medicine. For the last four decades, retrovirus-based genetic intervention has been the major player in the field of GT, and multiple lentiviral/γ-retroviral vector-mediated GT products have been approved for treating various pathological conditions, including immunodeficiency, blood disorders and neurometabolic disorders. However, the early development of GT had been turbulent, with unexpected devastating effects exposed linked to the genotoxicities associated with retroviral semi-random genomic insertion. Here we talk about how the iterative vectorization processes taming the retroviruses, enabling them to become the foundation of modern gene therapy. And we will also take an evolutionary perspective to understand and perceive how retroviruses shaped us in the distant past.
Dr. Xiaomo Wu is the head of Regenerative Medicine LAB and the deputy Director of theDermatology Institute of Fuzhou, China. Wu received a B.A. in Medicine in 2002 from theUniversity of Wuhan, followed by M.S. in Genetics in 2006 from the University of Fudan, Shanghai. In 2008, Wu came to Biozentrum, the University of Basel, Switzerland andreceivedPhD in Genetics in 2012 under Walter J. Gehring. She conducted her postdoctoral research in Bettler’s LAB, Department of Biomedicine (DBM), also from the University of Basel, Switzerland. In 2017, Wu was recruited as a lad head and the deputy director of a newly founded institute in the Dermatology Hospital of Fuzhou, Fujian, China. In recent years, WU Lab has been dedicated to developing therapeutic interventions based on genetic modification and alteration, namely gene therapy, for treating multiple inherited skin diseases as well as some types of blood disorders.
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Background: Subclavian artery stenosis refers to the stenosis in the lumen caused by the presence of plaque or thrombus in the subclavian artery. It is a common problem in endovascular interventions. In fact, conventional subclavian artery stenting via the femoral artery approach is effective and safe. Nevertheless, because femoral artery puncture is not easy to stop bleeding, it requires longer femoral artery compression or more expensive hemostatic materials, such as staplers. Patients need to be catheterized and bedridden for a longer time, which may lead to many complications, such as pseudoaneurysm. Method Summary: We report a new subclavian artery interventional therapy. Through the bilateral radial artery approach, the 5F radial artery sheath was inserted on the opposite side of the lesion, and the 5F SM2 contrast tube was used for imaging positioning. The 6F radial artery sheath was inserted on the side of the lesion, and the guide wire was used to directly guide the stent to the subclavian stenosis without using the guide tube. Conclusion: Reviewing the successful placement of clavicular artery stents through bilateral radial arteries in our center, we believe that bilateral radial artery approach is feasible. Clavicular artery stenting is safe, effective and time-saving. It is an excellent alternative to traditional femoral artery surgery, with few complications and high comfort.
Qiu Tao, deputy chief physician, MD, master's supervisor, director of Neurology Department of Zigong first people's hospital. He studied in Italy in 2017. Member of the transradial interventional cooperative group of the Neurointerventional branch of the Chinese Research Hospital Association; Vice chairman of the Special Committee on nerve intervention of Sichuan society of traditional Chinese medicine; Vice chairman of stroke prevention and Treatment Society of Sichuan medical communication society. Reviewer of frontiers in bioscience landmark and Journal of clinical neurology. He is mainly engaged in the clinical and research work of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and nerve intervention. In 2009, he took the lead in conducting cerebrovascular intervention diagnosis and treatment in Zigong. It won two second prizes of new technology of Zigong health system. It has made 5 scientific and technological progress in Zigong. He has published 8 SCI papers, edited 2 monographs and won 2 national patents.
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Background: COVID-19 poses a severe threat to global human health, especially the USA, Brazil, and India cases continue to increase dynamically, which has a far-reaching impact on people's health, social activities, and the local economic situation. Methods: The study proposed the ARIMA, SARIMA and Prophet models to predict daily new cases and cumulative confirmed cases in the USA, Brazil and India over the next 30 days based on the COVID-19 new confirmed cases and cumulative confirmed cases data set(May 1, 2020, and November 30, 2021) published by the official WHO, Three models were implemented in the R 4.1.1 software with forecast and prophet package. The performance of different models was evaluated by using root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Results: Through the fitting and prediction of daily new case data, we reveal that the Prophet model has more advantages in the prediction of the COVID-19 of the USA, which could compose data components and capture periodic characteristics when the data changes significantly, while SARIMA is more likely to appear over-fitting in the USA. And the SARIMA model captured a seven-day period hidden in daily COVID-19 new cases from 3 countries. While in the prediction of new cumulative cases, the ARIMA model has a better ability to fit and predict the data with a positive growth trend in different countries(Brazil and India).
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This presentation examines how the pharmaceutical-driven model of public health has altered forms of HIV care in Ethiopia during the past decade. First, it examines how the efforts to “cure” the lives of some people affected by HIV have been marginalized through the process that some medical anthropologists referred to as the exercise of “triage.” Second, it considers how the process was facilitated by narrowly defined concepts of life and value in mainstream global health discussions by comparing them with the anthropological theory of values. In my ethnographic research in a provincial town in Ethiopia, I examined how the expansion of the antiretroviral treatment program interplayed with local actions through which suffering inflicted by the epidemic was cared for.1 Local health institutions served the town’s population by disseminating antiretrovirals free of charge. However, they referred patients whose problems were too complicated to be solved by the drugs to a local association of people with HIV. I regarded this as an exercise in “triage” because the association was systematically deprived of the resources required to address its members’ needs. Pharmaceutical agents are valuable because of their power to improve life. However, what it means to “make life better” needs clarification. Medical anthropological theory assumes that for all living entities, value arises from life, meaning the value is always embodied.2 The embodied value enhances life to become more relevant to its social and biological environments. However, healthcare theories and practices that do not entertain embodied values fall short of “curing” the lives of persons.
Makoto Nishi is an associate professor at the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Hiroshima University. His current research projects focus on biosocial etiologies of some neurologicalconditions, including parasite-induced epilepsy in post-conflict northern Uganda and autism during theCOVID-19 pandemic in Japan
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD): Now a day’s number one cause of death. The mortality rate due to CVD is around 272 person per lakh in comparison to 235 per person globally.ECG is commonly used signal to detect it for initial findings. Several approaches based on wavelet-based variants on ECG are studied to detect coronary artery diseases and helping the computer aided diagnostic system. Apart from ECG, EEG test is very much popular to detect any brain activity disorder. EEG signals are also used in Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Detecting early any diseases or any brain disorder may help us to save lives of several people who commits suicide (eg. Farmers). In this talk, major discussion will be based on how Deep learning-based approaches can be used to improve the diagnosis task. The task primarily consists of two sub problems. First part of the discussion will be focused on identification of abnormal cases, i.e., whether the brain contains any symptoms or not. In the second part classification of the type will be discussed in details. Automatically categorizing the diseases type is a relatively more challenging task comparing to the binary classification of normal and abnormal personal and convolutional neural networks are found to be very successful in biological tasks.
Dr. Dhiraj Pandey received his Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from Manipal University in August 2018. He received his B.Tech degree in Information Technology in the year 2003 and an M.Tech degree from the University School of Information Technology, GGSIPU, New Delhi in the year 2007. He has more than 19 years of rich academic experience. He joined the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at JSS Academy of Technical Education Noida in January 2011 and currently working as Associate Professor there. His recent research interests include assistive technologies, image processing, and information security allied areas. He is a Senior Member of IEEE. He has published more than 40 papers in SCI/Scopus indexed Journals and Conferences.
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Objectives:Primary objective: To evaluate the change in optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) with change in end tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2). Secondary objective: To evaluate if the change in ONSD in response to change in end tidal carbon dioxide is immediate (real time). To evaluate if the change in ONSD is reversible with restoration of end tidal carbon dioxide to previous level. Scope:Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a common and potentially life-threatening condition. The trans-orbital ultrasonography, is a non-invasive method which detects raised ICP by evaluating increases in the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). Dynamic responsiveness of ONSD, in association with acute change in EtCO2, (both hypercapnia and hypocapnia) which can affect ICP, still has not been well investigated. We hypothesized that there would be dynamic changes in ONSD in response to corresponding changes in EtCO2. Results:A strong correlation was found between the corresponding EtCO2 and ONSD values with Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.89(fig -1).There was no statistical difference between ONSD values at 0 and 5 minutes after attaining the desired EtCO2 level. The change in ONSD were reversible with EtCO2 reversibility. METHODS: 56 patients, with age between 18-60 years, either sex, and admitted to undergo elective spine surgery under general anaesthesia were included. All patients were exposed to both hypercapnia and hypocapnia and the ONSD values were recorded. However, for the purpose of the study, after induction of GA the respiratory rate was adjusted to attain the desired EtCO2 value (normocapnia, hypocapnia or hypercapnia). ONSD values were obtained at normo-, hyper- and hypo-capnia in all the patients. CONCLUSION:ONSD has a strong correlation with EtCO2 and it changes directly and significantly in response to changes in EtCO2.
Niraj Kumar is a professor in the Department of Neuroanesthesiology and critical care, at Aiims, New Delhi. He is actively involved in conducting Research projects (e.g., Intramural, extramural, DM thesis). He has developed novel pressure measuring device for the ultrasound probe with AIIMS –IIT Delhi collaborative project (as Principal investigator), the device is under the patent process. He has completed a fellowship Program: (Clinical Research Methodology and Evidence-Based Medicine) at AIIMS, New Delhi. He is the instructor (Faculty) of –ATLS, ANC, ACCC, AIIMS – EM-SONO, AUTLS, AIIMS cadaver airway. He is the Course Director of - Cadaveric Airway Management Course. He has delivered a series of talks in ultrasound as Course Director - Ultrasound POCUS SERIES - Classroom “an online ISNACC initiative. He has given a series of lectures in the National Live Webinar Series -Neuroanesthesia, conducted by NBEMS (National board of examinations in Medical Sciences).
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Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by blocked or aberrant differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. The MECOM gene overexpression in hematopoietic progenitors induces myeloid differentiation block, resulting in increased self-renewal and survival of these transformed progenitors. However, its exact role in AML remains unclear. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of MECOM over expression among pediatric AML patients, and assess its impact on clinical outcome. Patients and Methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Livak method (2ΔΔCt) were used to determine relative MECOM expression level among 243 pediatric patients with AML. MECOM overexpression was considered if the cumulative relative expression was above 1 (2-ΔΔCt)and was designatedas MECOMpos. Results: Of 243 AMLpatients tested 57(23.5%) demonstrated MECOMpos. Patients with MECOMpos had significantly lower median age. The frequency of MECOMpos was significantly higher among AML patients with 11q23 abnormalities, complex karyotypes and among high- and intermediate-risk groups compared to low-risk group (P=0.014). MECOMpos patients had significantly lower overall survival (OS) (38.7 vs. 78.9%, P<0.001), event-free survival (EFS) (37.3% vs. 68.4%, P<0.001), and had higher cumulative incidence of relapse (49.5% vs. 23.5%, P=0.002) at 36 months compared to MECOMnegpatients. Multivariate analysis revealed that MECOMpos was an adverse prognostic factor for OS (hazards ratio (HR) = 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–3.60, P=0.006) and EFS (HR= 1.71, 95% CI 1.07–2.75, P=0.025). The logistic regression model showed that MECOMpos was an independent prognostic factor regardless of minimal residual disease status post first induction therapy in the intermediate-risk group (odds ratio 2.89; 95% CI 1.19–6.57, P=0.018). Conclusion: The aberrant MECOM geneexpression is an adverse prognostic factor, especially in patients without previously known cytogenetic risk factors. Our results suggest the potential benefit from pre treatment screening for MECOM gene over expression in newly diagnosed AML patients for better risk stratification and treatment adjustment.
Mariam Elsherif is a consultant of paediatric oncology at the Children’s Cancer Hospital “CCHE, 57357” . Following her graduation from the Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University in 2009, she started her residency at the department of paediatrics Ain Shams University” where she got her Master Degree in general paediatric in 2014 and subsequently completed my fellowship in Paediatric Hematology/Oncology CCHE and Dana Farber/Boston Children’s Hospital USA, in conjunction with earning my Doctorate degree in Paediatric Oncology from the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University.
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Clinical trials in nutrition should explore, test, and validate nutritional solutions to maintain and improve human health. These solutions can come in the form of (micro-)nutrients, bioactives, (functional) ingredients, diets, or supplements. They can address digestive, metabolic, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, muscle/bone and cognitive health. To render these trials more comparable and translational, traditional, and often non-standardized study designs must be complemented by clinical studies featuring the following characteristics:classical RCTs with group-average comparisons must be complemented by longitudinal, or (nested) n-of-1 studies, in which every subject is its own case and control; enrolled subjects should be clinically and molecularly phenotyped; administered diets, especially when applied under specific terms, should be clearly defined and described; intervention studies should apply safe, well-defined nutritional inputs or challenges and probe the elasticity of the human metabolic system in addition to sampling at homeostasis. Interventions can be betterinformed and designed upfront by bioinformatics and artificialintelligence:considering molecular mechanisms of e.g.metabolic, digestive,or immune health, the biological effects of bioactive ingredients (micronutrients, phytonutrients, pre-/probiotics, bioactive peptides) can be either computationally retrieved from existing literature4, or –to some extent– predicted in silico, thereby limiting the number of compounds or ingredients to be tested5. The best sources for those targeted functional nutritional compounds can be identified by computational mining of the genomes, metabolomes, and proteomes/peptidomes of e.g. plants and foods, thereby fostering both healthy and sustainable diets.
Dr. Martin Kussmann was trained as a biochemist and has accomplished a thirty years’ dual corporate/academic career with experience in nutrition, pharma, and biotechnology. He held professorships at EPF Lausanne, Switzerland; Aarhus University, Denmark; and Auckland University, New Zealand, where he was also Scientific Director of the National Science Program on Food Innovation. Kussmann spent thirteen years at Nestlé Research as Department Head and Primary Investigator. He has co-created and managed four research units and scientifically led two institutions. His research focuses on translational human studies in nutrition and health, multi-omics biomarker development, and artificial intelligence-enabled discovery and validation of natural bioactives. Kussmann is an internationally requested multi-lingual author, editor, and lecturer credited with ~150 publications, >30 media/press communications, and numerous presentations.
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Conversational Agents (CA) are artificial intelligent software which can simulate a conversation with a user in natural language via auditory or textual methods. They are some of the industry’s newest tools designed to simplify the interaction between humans and computers. From a technological point of view, a CA only represents the natural evolution of question answering system leveraging Natural Language Processing and Understanding. In 2020, tele-health experienced an unprecedented uptake around the globe, with the COVID 19 pandemic acting as a catalyst. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the introduction of virtual healthcare delivery in many countries, it also prompted the rapid development of many other diverse technology-enabled systems and processes for delivering virtual healthcare to patients. One new technology development is the widespread uptake of conversational agents in people’s lives, and these now also have many health applications. Despite the potential benefits of the technology, CA raise many ethical concerns. In this Talk , I discuss ethical concerns of CA in healthcare domains in general and then present a proposal for monitoring the ethical behavior.
Abeer Dyoub is assistant professor at the Department of Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics (DISIM), University of La'Aquila. Her research interest focuses on Artificial Intelligence, with special focus on Computational Logic including Intelligent Agents and Multi Agent Systems, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Interpretable Machine Learning, and Machine Ethics. She is a fellow of ACM, GRIN, AIxIA, and GULP. She holds a bachelor's degree in electronic engineering from Tishreen University, Syria 2000, a master's degree in computer science 2004 from JMI university, India, and a PhD in ICT from the University of L'Aquila, Italy, 2019.
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Objectives: Artificial Intelligence models can extract human-factor relatedinformation from audio recordings. We present an automatic workflow detecting dialogue segments with potentially ineffective communicationbetween team membersduring neonatal simulation sessions. Materials and Methods: 10 cases from historical audio recordings of neonatalsimulation training sessions at Centro NINA, Maternal-Neonatal Department,AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana (Pisa, Italy) were selected. The workflow analysed syllabic-scale (100-200 ms)spoken dialogue energy and intonation, using cluster analysis based on the K-means algorithm1.Tone units were detected, their audio segmentsextracted and, through cluster analysis of energy and pitch, labelled as either potentially ineffective or viable verbal communication. The audio of potentially ineffective unitswas transcribed through an automatic speech recogniser, and keywords extracted to produce a word cloud.Performance was measured against a gold standard containing annotations of 79 minutes of audio recordings from neonatal simulations, in Italian, under different noise conditions (from 4.63 to 14.17 SNR), compiled by two researchers with complementary expertise in the field. Results: Our workflow achieved a detection accuracy of 64% against a commercial automatic speech recogniser sentence accuracy of 9.37%. Detected keyword viability - the percentage of gold-standard words contained in the word cloud - was 59%.Potentially ineffective communication keywords includedrepeated items in the first person plural, and expressions of uncertainty, which may point toissues around leadership, self-confidence, and/or instruction clarity. There was no reference to time- or equipment/setting issues. Conclusion: Our workflow successfully identifiedeffective/ineffective communication during neonatal simulation sessions. It can be applied to other languages than Italian and can help trainersrefine feedback and measure learning improvement.
Dr. NicolettaFossatiwith a medical degree and a PhD, both from Pisa University and S. Anna School of Advanced Studies, complemented by a specialty degree in Anaesthesia and Resuscitation, She has held a consultant level job in Italy for 10 years before moving to London in 2004 to take on a Consultant Anaesthetist post at St George’s Hospital. In addition to anaesthesia, she has a long-standing interest in medical education. An Honorary Reader in Clinical Education and Anaesthesia at St George’s, University of London, she holds a Master’s degree in Higher and Professional Education (Institute of Education/UCL). In July 2022 she was awarded the Senior Fellowship of Advance HE/Higher Education Academy (SFHEA).
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Background and Aim: The incidence of cancer colon below the age of 50 has increased dramatically. in addition, the database lacks a review to analyze the outcomes of surgeries for mid-transverse colon cancer with several recent controversial studies. Our aim was to compare the outcomes of extended hemicolectomy versus transverse colectomy for mid-transverse colon cancer. Method: PubMed, Scopes, Web of Science and Cochrane library were searched for eligible studies from inception to 1 May 2022 and a systematic review and meta-analysis were done to detect Results: according to eligibility criteria 8 studies (2237 patients) were included in our study. The pooled results of the included studies showed no difference in the 5-year OS, 3-year DFS and 5-year DFS between the two types of surgery (5-year OS, RR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.94-1.39, P = 0.17), (3-year OS, RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.88-1.06, P = 0.42) and (5-year DFS, RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.91-1.62, P = 0.20). In addition to that, the recurrence rate and the incidence of complications were similar in the two groups (Recurrence rate, RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.62-1.89, P = 0.79) and (Complications, RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.74-1.54, P =0.72). however, the number of LN harvest and the time of the operation was more in case of extended hemicolectomy. Conclusion: Despite harvesting less LN, transverse colectomy has similar oncological outcomes to extended hemicolectomy for mid-transverse colon cancer. Moreover, no significant difference in the incidence of complications.
Beshoy Effat Elkomosis having 3 years experience as a surgical resident the at general surgery department, Ain sham university hospital. He is currently working at the general and emergency department, Northwick park hospital, LNWH NHS
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The study of the relationship between cancer and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been under investigation for many decades. Particularly in the field of neurology and neurosurgery, increasing emphasis has been put on the examination of comorbid DM in patients with cranial tumors. Namely, as the most common and invasive type of malignant adult brain tumor, glioblastoma (GBS) has been the focus of said research. Several mechanisms have been described in the attempt to elucidate the underlying association between DM and GBS, with the metabolic phenomenon known as the Warburg effect and its consequential downstream effects serving as the resounding culprits in recent literature. Since the effect seen in cancers like GBS exploits an upregulated form of aerobic glycolysis, the role of a sequela of DM, known as hyperglycemia, will be investigated. In particular, in the treatment of GBS, surgical resection and subsequent chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are used in conjunction with corticosteroid therapy, the latter of which has been linked to hyperglycemia. Unsurprisingly, comorbid DM patients are significantly susceptible to this disposition. Further, this fact is reflected in recent literature that demonstrates the impact of hyperglycemia on cancer advancement and patient outcomes in several preclinical and clinical studies. Thus, this review will aim to underline the significance of diabetes and glycemic control via standard-of-care treatments such as metformin administration, as well as to describe emerging treatments such as the signaling modulation of insulin-like growth factor and the employment of the ketogenic diet.
Brandon Lucke-Wold was born and raised in Colorado Springs, CO. He graduatedmagna cum laude with a BS in Neuroscience and distinction in honors from BaylorUniversity. He completed his MD/PhD, Master’s in Clinical and TranslationalResearch, and the Global Health Track at West Virginia University School ofMedicine. His research focus was on traumatic brain injury, neurosurgicalsimulation, and stroke. At West Virginia University, he also served as a health coachfor the Diabetes Prevention and Management program in Morgantown and Charleston, WV, which significantly improved health outcomes for participants. In addition to his research and public health projects, he is a co-founder of the biotechnology company Wright-Wold Scientific, the pharmaceutical company CTE cure, and was a science advocate on Capitol Hill through the Washington Fellow’s program.He has also served as president of the WVU chapters for the American Association ofPharmaceutical Scientists, Neurosurgery Interest group, and Erlenmeyer Initiative Entrepreneur group. In addition, he has served as vice president for the graduate student neuroscience interest group, Nu Rho Psi Honor Society, and medical students for global health. He was an active member of the Gold Humanism Honor Society and Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society. He is currently a member of the UF House Staff Council, Positive Culture Committee, Quality Improvement Committee, Board of Directors Alachua County Medical Society, and Accreditation Requirements Review Committee. He is married to Noelle Lucke-Wold and has two children. As a family, they enjoy running with their dogs, rock climbing, and traveling. In his spare time, Brandon frequently runs half marathons and 10ks together with is wife. Brandon also enjoys reading, playing piano, discussing philosophy, and playing chess. He is currently a Pgy5 neurosurgery resident at University of Florida with pursuing endovascular enfolded training and was awarded the Dempsey Cerebrovascular Research Fellowship.
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However, the number of in vitro studies are being published regarding the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials is on the increase, the components of the media for toxicity assays have often varied according to the needs of the scientists. Our aim for this study was to: (1) evaluate the influence of serum—in this case, fetal bovine serum FBS, Phosphate Buffer Saline PBS, water for injection, without fetal bovine serum FBS, in a cell culture medium on the toxicity of nano-sized (20–30 nm) ZnO on human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and (2) use very small dose that make 50% of cancer cell death after treatment in order to the normal cells can get rid of it and be safe on body normal cells. (3) by using the optimal disersion solution: studying the genotoxicity of ZnO NPs on MCF-7. Dispersion solution is effective factor of cell viability in presence of ZnO NPs as a treatment. The nano sized ZnO exhibited their highest toxicity when exposed to Phosphate buffer saline, in contrast to exposure in media containing 10% serum. This mainly comes from the absence of protein protection, and lower cell growth rate, but also that when we used sterilized water for injection as the dispersion solution it has an observed toxicity and a negative osmotic effect on cells that make cells increase till exploding. So when we used media FBS free as a dispersion solution the toxicity of ZnO NPs is nearly the same of PBS which made us recommended using media FBS free as an optimum dispersion solution that has a great effect on DNA strand breaks in eukaryotic cells using comet assay; DNA damage that representing with the comet tail confirm the ability of ZnO NPs not of cancer cell death only but for disturbance the proliferation by its genotoxicity effect.
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The globe is facing increasing challenges of plastic pollution due to single-use of plastic-based packaging material. The plastic material is continuously being dumped into the natural environment which causes serious harm to the entire ecosystem. Polymer degradation in nature is very difficult, so the use of biodegradable polymers instead of conventional polymers can mitigate this issue. Due to the good mechanical properties and biodegradability, aliphatic-aromatic polymers are being widely commercialized. Due to the advancement in molecular biology, many studies have reported specific microbes that can effectively degrade PBAT. Aliphatic polyesters undergo hydrolytic cleavage of ester groups, so they can be easily degraded by microorganisms. In this study, we investigated the enzymatic degradation of poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) copolymer using lipase B from Candida Antarctica (CALB). Results of the study displayed approximately 5.16 % loss in PBAT mass after 2 days which significantly increased to approximately 15.7 % at the end of the experiment (12 days) as compared to blank. The pH of the degradation solution also displayed significant reduction and reached the minimum value of 6.85 at the end of the experiment. The structure and morphology of PBAT after degradation were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA.FTIR analysis showed that after degradation many peaks become weaker and the peak at 2950 cm-1 almost disappeared after 12 days. The XRD results indicated that as the degradation time increases the intensity of diffraction peaks slightly increases as compared to the blank PBAT. TGA analysis also confirmed the successful degradation of PBAT with time.SEM micrographsfurther confirmed that degradation has occurred. Hence, biodegradable polymers can widely be used. The effect of PBAT biodegradation on plant growth was also studied and it was found that PBAT has no toxic effect on the growth of plants. Hence PBAT can be employed in a wide range of applications.
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Background: The choice of spirometry, a biomarker of lung health, as a motivator for smoking cessation is based on its fidelity in emphasizing tobacco adverse effects. Yet, there is a paucity of evidence on its efficacy, and the findings are currently inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine whether a spirometry and lung age communication has an effect on smoking cessation rates. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial among patientswho attended the smoking cessation clinic (SCC) at FattoumaBourguiba University Hospital in Monastir, from June 2017 toFebruary 2020. Participants were assigned into two groups, acontrol arm receiving standard program and intervention armreceiving standard program and lung ageannouncement. Theprimary outcome was the smoking cessation rates after oneyear of follow-up between the intervention arm and thecontrol arm. Results: A total of 500 patients were recruited and randomized with 250patients in each group. At one-year endpoint, a total of 456patients were reachable for assessment, 236 in control groupand 220 in spirometry group. This made the loss rate at 8.8% (54/500). Six months cessation rate was 78 (33.1%) in control group and 106 (48.0%) in intervention group (p = 0.002). The primary outcome smoking cessation rate after one year of recruitment was higher in the intervention group than the control group (25.5% versus 16.5%), with a considerable statistical significance (p = 0.019). Moreover, spirometriclung age was significantly higher at paired comparison with chronologic age (58.81vs 46.54; p<.001); the mean difference was 10.24 years but with considerable inter-individual variability. Conclusions: Smoking cessation is still a challenging procedure with a high risk of relapse, making very valuable any approach that may increase motivation in both unmotivated and motivated smokers. This study is an additional evidence for spirometry and lung age announcement as motivators for smoking cessation.
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Moringa oleifera leaf meal supplementation modulate serum lipid profile of rats fed protein and mineral deficient diets Globally, malnutrition is the greatest risk factor for illness and death, particularly among pregnant women and young children. Protein deficiency causes severe and chronic infections, decreased nutrient absorption and direct nutrient losses. Micronutrients are central to cellular metabolism, maintenance, growth; support, prevent and cure various disorders in the course of life. Moringa leaves present a high content in micronutrients and macronutrients. Serum lipid profile of rats fed protein and micronutrients deficient diets supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) was evaluated. Male Wistar rats (220g-290g) were randomly assigned into 5 groups of five animals each, Group 1 was control; group 2 was protein-deficient diet without MOLM, groups 3, 4 and 5 protein-deficient diet supplemented with 3,5, 10 % MOLM. This was repeated for micronutrient-deficient rats. All animals were given feed and water ad libitum for 28 days. Serum lipid profile was measured using an automated chemistry analyzer. Protein deficiency led to significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in protein-deficient group compared to the control, which was slightly lowered with MOLM supplementation, but no significant difference (p<0.05) in HDL-C was observed in all the diets. On the other hand, micronutrient deficiency resulted in significant decrease in serum cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-C compared to control (Table 1). This study revealed that MOLM supplementation mitigated the negative effect of protein and micronutrient deficiencies on serum lipid profiles in rats.
Gloria Aderonke Otunola holds a PhD in Biochemistry (emphasis: Food & Nutrition) and is a Functional Food Scientist with an NRF rating of C2. She is currently a Senior Research Fellow and co-Leader of the Medicinal Plants and Economic Development Research Niche Area (MPED-RNA), University of Fort Hare, South Africa. Her research focus is on applied biochemical, nutritional and pharmacological elucidation and translation of medicinal plants and foods for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition and chronic diseases. This involves the evaluation of the nutritional composition, bioactive contents, efficacious evaluation using in vitro and in vivo models, assessment of oral safety (toxicity) as well as the formulation of food products tailored for the prevention/management of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases. Her current research focus is the development of functional products (snacks, beverages and supplements), Bio-nanoparticles for malnutrition and chronic diseases, collaborations at national and international levels.
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Objectives Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a set of long-lasting severe neurodevelopmental conditions and effective therapeutic interventions are needed. Recent research points to the importance of including mindfulness-based elements to improve emotion and body perception in the psychotherapy of patients with ASD. Therefore, we developed a structured group psychotherapy program The Tübinger Training for Autism Spectrum Disorders (TüTASS ) which focuses on mindfulness-based training elements. Scope In several steps we developed a group-intervention for 5-6 children in each group and applied it to 52 children with diagnosis autism spectrum disorder. A pilot study of the Tübingen Group Training for Autism Spectrum Disorders (TüTASS) has demonstrated that mindfulness-based elements achieve additional positive effects. To build on these findings, the TüTASS training was adapted and expanded. Methods used The TüTASS currently includes 20 90-minute appointments starting with the basic skills of emotions, body, and communication, which are then transferred to personal, family, peer, and school spheres. The appointments have a fixed, consistent structure and each includes a body awareness exercise. The psychometric assessment comprised five standardized questionnaires/ scales evaluating on the basis of parents and patients self-reports the child’s social responsiveness, behavior, strengths and difficulties, quality of life, and depressive symptoms before and after training completion. Results The results showed improvements in pre-post comparison in behaviours associated with autism, as well as in externalising and internalising behaviours as assessed by parent reports, participant self-reports, and independent raters in participating children. Furthermore, the perceived parent burden in relation to their children decreased, whereas the participants' self-rated quality of life increased. Overall, both the participants and their parents rated the TüTASS very positively in rating sheets and in free feedback. Conclusion This training program was developed to bridge the gap of lacking mindfulness-based interventions with the aim to optimize the course of ASD, especially with respect to behavioral disturbances and social-emotional problems. Therefore, TÜTASS training could well be a useful treatment tool for groups of patients with ASD.
Dr. med. Gottfried Maria Barth is currently working in University Hospital of Tuebingen, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy in Childhood and Adolescence, Germany. He is educated in medicine and philosophy. He is specialist in child- an adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy, paediatrics and psychoanalysis. His research work includes autism, tele-psychotherapy, psychophysiology and health care research. He leads the crisis intervention ward and the special ambulance for autism spectrum disorder. Additional he does extensive work in teaching students.
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Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used empirically for decades in equine medicine to treat intestinal dysbiosis but evidence-based information is scarce. This in vitro study aimed at assessing the effect of a commonly used pre-FMT processing method on the bacterial composition and viability of the fecal filtrate. Three samples of fresh equine manure (T0) were processed identically: the initial manure was mixed with 1 L of lukewarm water and chopped using an immersion blender to obtain a mixture (T1), which was left uncovered during 30 min (T2) and percolated through a sieve to obtain a fecal filtrate (T3). Samples were taken throughout the procedure (Tn) and immediately stored at 4 ◦C until processing. The 16S rDNA amplicon profiling associated with propidium monoazide treatment was performed on each sample to select live bacteria. Analyses of α and β diversity and main bacterial populations and quantitative (qPCR) analysis were performed and statistically compared (significance p < 0.05) between time points (T0– T3). No significant differences in ecological indices or mean estimated total living bacteria were found in the final fecal filtrate (T3) in regard to the original manure (T0); however, relative abundances of some minor genera (Fibrobacter, WCHB1-41_ge and Akkermansia) were significantly different in the final filtrate. In conclusion, the results support the viability of the major bacterial populations in equine feces when using the described pre-FMT protocol.
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Objectives: The present study aimed toexplore whether family resilience would moderate the effects ofbullying victimization, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs),and poverty status on adolescent internalizing disorders. Methods: Thisstudy used the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH)and included 20,708 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (M = 14.7,SD = 1.70). Internalizing disorders indicated adolescents’ depression and anxiety problems and were measured by summing two items (scoring from 0 to 2) (α = .72). Bullying victimizationwas measured with one item(0=no, 1=yes). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were measured with nine questions (income hardship, divorce, death, jail, domestic violence, neighborhood violence, mental illness, drug use, and discrimination)(0=no, 1=yes). This study summed theitems ranging from 0 to 9. Higher scores indicated more exposure to ACE.Poverty status was measured with the federal poverty level (FPL), which isan economic measure that decided whether the income level of families wasbelow the poverty line (Branum et al., 2012).Family resilience was measured by four items(scoring from 0 to 3).This study calculated the sum of the items ranging from 0 to 12. Thus, higherscores indicated higher family resilience(α = .89). For statistical analysis, hierarchical multiple regression was conducted toexamine the relationship of bullying victimization, ACEs, andpoverty status with adolescents’ internalizing disorders andexplore the moderating role of family resilience on that relationship. Findings:The study found positive associations of bullying victimization,ACEs, and poverty status with adolescents’ internalizingdisorders. Family resilience moderated the effects of bullyingvictimization and ACEs on adolescents’ internalizing disorders. Conclusion: The findings suggest that to prevent adolescents’ internalizingdisorders, it is critical to promote family resilience and reducebullying victimization, ACEs, and poverty.
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Introduction: Dental caries and orthodontic treatments are the most common reasons for tooth extraction among younger population.Socio-demographic, cultural and behavioural factors affect both tooth loss and reasons for extraction in adolescent period of life. Objective: This study was to assess the prevalence of tooth loss, reasons for extraction and factors that can influence reasons for tooth extraction in examined population in urban area. Method: Epidemiological cross-sectional study included 273 randomly selected, first and second grade high school students, in Belgrade in the period of May-June 2022. The research instruments were questionnaire and clinical examination. The questionnaire was divided in 9 parts focusing on socio-demographic characteristics, habits, attitudes and behaviour related to general and oral health. Clinical examination was used to gather data about tooth loss and dental status. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package SPSS Statistics. Results: Most participants identified caries complications as the indication for tooth extraction (82.8%). Almost one fifth of participants (21% girls and 16,3% boys respectively) have extracted at least one tooth. Data analyses showed existence of connection between extracted teeth and socio-demographic factors. Investigation of nature of connection between dependent variable -reason for tooth extraction and independent variables pointed out on significant influence of socio-demographic characteristics of participants as well as theirs' oral health habits (p<0,001). Those two independent variables had positive influence on reason for extraction meaning that adolescents with higher scores had extracted teeth due to planned orthodontic therapy. Conclusions: The loss of permanent teeth in adolescent age is a problem that may influence all aspects of life, because it affects aesthetic appearance, self-confidence and the entire quality of life and not just masticatory dysfunction. Socio-demographic conditions, such as parents’ employment, family income and financial status significantly influenced the number of participants with extracted teeth.
Dr.Maja Pavlovic works at Faculty of Dentistry Pancevo, University Business Academy Novi Sad in the Department of Prosthodontics since 2004. She received her PhD in 2016 from Faculty of Dentistry Pancevo, University Business Academy Novi Sad. She teaches both preclinical and clinical classes of integrated academic studies such as Gnathology, Mobile and Fixed Prosthodontics etc. Also, she teaches courses included in Doctoral and Specialist postgraduate studies.
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Background At Israeli medical organizations, clinical trial coordinators (CRCs) are essential to the accomplishment of clinical research.On the other hand, little is known regarding the state of CRCs in the Israeli clinical trial sector. Methods To understand the current state of CRCs in this field, an online survey was conducted among a Facebook group of approximately 5,000 employees working in clinical trials in March 2022.The survey was designed to gather information about the demographics, work experiences, and job satisfaction of CRCs in Israel.The survey included questions about the participants' job duties, training and education, and overall satisfaction with their jobs.In addition, the survey included questions about the challenges faced by CRCs in their work and their perceptions of the support and resources available to them. Results 61 people—mostly women (95%)—representing 17 medical centers in Israel answered, with ages ranging from 24 to 60 and work histories varying from 0 to 20 years. With a median income of 10,000 NIS after four years of employment, a substantial positive link between work experience and pay was also discovered. Discussion Finding suggests that there is a lack of uniform training for CRCs in Israel, which may have an impact on the effectiveness and quality of clinical trials.In addition, CRCs tend to earn more the more experience they have, which is consistent with patterns in other industries. Conclusion To ensure CRCs are fairly compensated for their significant contributions to the profession, efforts should also be taken to eliminate compensation inequities based on the job experience.Additional investigation and analysis into the function and experiences of CRCs in Israel may yield insightful findings and contribute to enhancing clinical trials' overall efficacy in the nation.
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Agarose (AG) is a naturally occurring biocompatible marine seaweed extract that is converted to hydrocolloid gel in hot water with notable gel strength. Currently, its mucoadhesion properties have not been fully explored. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the mucoadhesive potential of AG binary dispersions in combination with Carbopol 934P (CP) as mucoadhesive gel preparations. The gels fabricated via homogenization were evaluated for ex vivo mucoadhesion, swelling index (SI), dissolution and stability studies. The mucoadhesive properties of AG were concentration dependent and it was improved by the addition of CP. Maximum mucoadhesive strength (MS) (27.03 g), mucoadhesive flow time (FT) (192.2 min), mucoadhesive time in volunteers (MT) (203.2 min) and SI (23.6% at 4 h) were observed with formulation F9. The mucoadhesive time investigated in volunteers (MT) was influenced by AG concentration and was greater than corresponding FT values. Formulations containing 0.3%, w/v AG (F3 and F9) were able to sustain the release (~99%) for both drugs till 3 h. The optimized formulation (F9) did not evoke any inflammation, irritation or pain in the buccal cavity of healthy volunteers and was stable up to 6 months. Therefore, AG could be considered a natural and potential polymer with profound mucoadhesive properties to deliver drugs through the mucosal route.
A self-motivated, energetic and team oriented professional with over 12 years of experiences in teaching, technological research, retail and industry sector. Completed research of more than 15 postgraduate M.Phil. students, now striving to secure a better place to explore sciences and research. Currently, I am involved in teaching, research, Member Bioequivalence Study Centre and In-charge Post-graduate research Ph.D. lab. In the University, I also have the experience of teaching Bachelors and Master subjects to Foreign students of not less than 8 countries worldwide. For smooth pursuance of scientific agenda of research and post graduate students, I am currently the Member, Board of Studies, at Department of Pharmaceutics. I am also the member, Board of Studies to contribute to quality of research related activities in the Department. Struggling to experience Post-Doctorate in Biomedical polymer synthesis, co-crystal or Pharmaceutical Technology. Some important milestones have been listed as follows. I have won research productivity award from The University of Lahore and succeeded to attain some international fundings for research and publication.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 was first discovered in December 2019 and subsequently became a global pandemic with serious political, economic, and social implications worldwide. We urgently need to find drugs that can be effective against COVID-19. Among the many observational studies, ivermectin has attracted the attention of many countries. Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug that also has some antiviral effects. We reviewed studies related to ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19 over the last 2 years (2019.12–2022.03) via search engines such as PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost. A total of 168 publications were screened, and 18 studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 3,248). Seven studies showed a lower mortality rate in the ivermectin group than in the control group, six studies found that the ivermectin group had a significantly fewer length of hospitalization than the control group, and eight studies showed better negative RT-PCR responses in the IVM group than in the control group,but these studies are not powered sufficiently to detect differences in the secondary outcomes, so a positive conclusion could not be reached. Our systematic review indicated that ivermectin may be effective for treating mildly to moderately ill patients, but the result is still in the early stages of clinical application as an antiviral drug and whether it has definite efficacy against COVID-19 needs to be supported by more controlled clinical studies with large samples. Therefore, selfmedication is not recommended for COVID-19 patients. Clinicians must take IVM with caution based on high-level evidence and benefit-risk assessment results.
Prof. Ning Hou obtained her B.S. degree and M.S. degree in pharmacy from Shandong Medical University in 1988 and 1991, respectively. She was appointed as a professor of pharmacy in 2008 and was currently the vice director and master's supervisor of the Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University. In recent years, she has published many papers in the world from JCR and edited 7 academic books. She also serves as the chairman of committee in the Shandong Province Evidence-based Pharmacy Specialistes. She is serving as reviewers for the Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal and several international pharmacy journals, and won 2 First-Awards of Shandong Provincial Pharmaceutical Society Science and Technology. Her research interests include rational use of antimicrobial, evidence-based pharmacy practice, rapid health technology assessment, clinical pharmacy, medication errors and DRPs
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Hypoxia is widely spread phenomenon; it can be caused by hemorrhage, aviation accidents, technogenic environmental pollution influence, intoxication, diseases, and other reasons. Discoveries of new potential medical preparations for pharmacological treatment of these disorders are really important. Objectives of our work were studies of different substances – potential medical preparations for pharmacological corrections of hypoxic disorders, with parallel development of information system with databases for ordering of information about these substances, other information necessary for researcher-experimenter. For these works a wide spectrum of standard biochemical methods were used for pharmacological agents testing on Wistar rats in laboratory conditions; information system development using a set of information computer technologies, databases construction in parallel was done [1]. During some years we studied some such substances: non-protein factor of spleen– splenozide, derivatives of succinic acid– yackton, sufan [2, 3]. According to our experiments all studied substances could correct pathological changes in energy metabolism, the first three substances prevented reduction of anti-oxidant cell potential, caused decrease of lipid peroxidation processes. During nitrite intoxication splenozide and yackton caused visible antioxidant effects, optimization of pathologically changed metabolic processes. Later C60 fullerene possible role in hypoxia states correction was investigated as well [4]. Obtained data, other relative laboratory information were recorded in specially developed computerized working place for researcher with databases, friendly interface, “Personal mini library”, links with electronic libraries in Internet; necessary services were developed [5, 6]. For hospital such IS should be supplemented by automated work place for medical staff, developed by Dr.Aralova N.I. [6]. In conclusion, in the result of the work done the information system with databases and automated work places for researchers and medical staff were suggested, it permitted to study hypoxia effects and their correction by novel pharmacological agents in laboratory and hospital conditions.
Olena (Elena) Klyuchko has 3 specialties: PhD (biophysics), Magisterial (computer sciences), Bachelor (linguistics). She obtained her education in the best Universities of Ukraine, Italy, Great Britain. She worked as researcher for a long time at Kyiv O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and Elbrus Medico-Biological Station of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (EMBS NASU), other institutions. She specialized in biophysics of the brain, influence of chemicals on organisms, development of information technologies for medicine and biology (including information system for monitoring of chemicals in environment “EcoIS” with telecommunication elements). Currently she is Associate Professor of the National Aviation University (Kyiv,Ukraine); has more than 360 scientific publications
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Background: Diagnosis of MALT (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma in the oral cavity is challenging. There is a great overlap in the histopathologic, immuno-histochemical and molecular features of MALT lymphoma with reactive lymphoid proliferations. The literature shows a very few case reports of primary MALT lymphoma of oral cavity. Methods: We discuss the histopathologic, immuno-histochemical, cytogenetic features, treatment, and behaviour of 3 cases of primary MALT lymphoma oral cavity along with review of literature. Results: The age ranged from 40 to 57 years (male to female ratio= 2:1). The sites involved were hard palate, bilateral gingivobuccal sulcus, and right buccal mucosa. The most common histology was centrocyte-like (2 cases). Lymphoepithelial lesions were absent. On immunohistochemistry, all tumours showed diffuse strong CD20 and bcl2 expression with strong and diffuse MNDA staining in one case. IgH; MALT1 translocation was not seen in any of these cases. One patient received local radiotherapy, one received steroids; while the case 3 received R-CHOP (Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine, and prednisone) chemotherapy. Two patients had complete remission while one had recurrence. Conclusion: MALT lymphoma of oral cavity shows a wide spectrum of morphology with presence of transformed cells, that may lead to misdiagnosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The treatment guidelines are not well established but a tendency to excise MALT lymphomas of oral cavity has been observed. Nevertheless, MALT lymphoma of oral cavity appears to be an indolent disease.
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The Development Safety Update Report (DSUR) is a structured document intended to submit to the health authorities for the drugs under developmentannually. The DSUR include the comprehensive and thoughtful information based on the annual review and evaluation of the safety information collected during the reporting period from the drug developmental program irrespective whether or not it is marketed. Since the DSUR include an annual review of the information, huge flow of the information can be expected from the different stakeholders for the particular DSUR which should be analyzed, process and finalized within the stipulated timeline. In order to overcome this challenge we developed a SPEED concept in house for the effectively managing the time and preparation of the DSUR with higher accuracy. This concept utilizes, 1. Day -90 approach 2. Effective resource and workload management 3. The DSUR coordinators Following this concept, we achieved a significant improvement in the DSUR process and achieve improved overall DSUR quality under stringent timelines.
Dr. Rupesh Thorat is a registered physician with expertise in drug safety and risk management honed through more than 14 years of experience in a global, leading clinical research organizations. Rupesh is currently working with SIRO Clinpharm, India as Deputy General Manager – Drug Safety & Risk Management. Rupesh is currently involved in scientific review and process set up for various aggregate reports including DSURs, SUSAR, PBRER/PSURs, RMPs, ACOs, Regional Safety Reports, Signal Detection Reports, Post-hoc and Ad-hoc analysis and EPARs encompassing a wide range of therapeutic areas such as Oncology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Cardiovascular and metabolism. Currently, he is a project manager for a giant pharma-CRO engagement wherein he is responsible for establishing and implementing co-ordination activities for oncology DSURs and RMPs for the client. His commitment to clinical research also extends to learning and training requirements at SIRO where he is heading training department for Medical Writing. His previous experience was in safety writing for ECG analysis with a global CRO. His excellence in ECG is certified by Indian Society of Electro cardiology.
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Background: Osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by low bone mass that can harm health. Lactoferrin has anti-microbial and plays a role in iron absorption, increase Osteogenesis and increase the immune responses. One of the goals of nanotechnology is mounting the drug on nanoparticle carriers and send them into the target cells. Materials and methods: In this study, lactoferrin (LF) of Camel milk were isolated using ion exchange chromatography and the purity and molecular weight was confirmed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and TBM test. The extracted LF has been purified by the аpplіcаtіon of HPLC and SDS-PAGE techniques. The concentrations of 25 and 100 µg/mL of LF were uploaded on perflourooctylbromide –NEPs(PFOB-NEPs). The interactions between LF and PFOB, LF and Alg have been studied by multiple spectroscopic as well as the zeta potential, and DLS pаrticlе size distribution. Results have displayed the quenched emissions of LF upon their interactions with PFOB and Alg.The effects of LF and LF were uploaded on PFOB-NEPs and Alg on growth of osteoblasts Cell Line (MG-63) was studied using MTT assay. Results: The average particle size before and after LF loading on PFOB did not change. Also, the zeta potential of nanoparticles is from -18.43 (without LF) has changed to +21.61 (LF 100 µg/ml), which confirms the loading of LF into PFOB-NEPs.The zeta potential value of LF has faced a decrease through the formation of LF– Alg complex. The best loading in both concentrations has occurred at the pH = 8. The results were shown, LF and LF were uploaded on PFOB-NEPs and Alg-NEPs increase Osteoblast cells proliferation significantly and There aren’t a significant difference between LF and LF were uploaded on PFOB- NEPs and there are a significant difference between LF and LF were uploaded on Alg-NEPs in both concentrations. The increase Osteoblast cells proliferation under the influence of different concentrations of LF uploaded on PFOB and Alg significant differences were shown.
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Background: Management modalities of ruptured Abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) include ruptured open aneurysm repair (rOAR) and ruptured endovascular aneurysm repair (rEVAR). In this study, we aim to systematically review all the previously published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared rOAR and rEVAR.. Methods: A systematic search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Clinical trials, and others with all the potentially relevant keywords that were adjusted to meet the search strategy for each database to collect all the relevant studies that were published up to January 2021. Results: A total of 11 studies were identified through our comprehensive search. Among these studies, seven represented the IMPROVE trial, two represented the AJAX trial, two represented the Nottingham and ECAR trials, each, while the remaining four studies were not RCTs, however, these were included in the discussion as they obtained data from the IMPROVE trial. The IMPROVE trials preferred EVAR use due to the potential survival benefit and improved quality of life, although the EVAR and OAR had similar mortality rates. In the AJAX and ECAR, the mortality rates favored EVAR over OAR with no significance while the opposite was noticed in the Nottingham trial with no significance also. Similar rates of re- interventions and complications were also noticed and some studies reported that EVAR is cost-effective. Conclusion: No consensus has been found to favour one of the modalities over the other. However, trials seem to favour EVAR on a short-term basis, while OAR is superior regarding the long-term outcomes.
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Background: Prevention of lethal ventricular arrhythmias induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic patients is the major goal of cardio-protective strategies. Here, we aimed to examine the anti-arrhythmic effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in myocardial I/R injury of type-II diabetic rats, focusing on the involvement of connexin-43 and nitric oxide (NO) in this context. Methods: Diabetes (duration of 12 weeks) was induced by high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin in thirty male Wistar rats (12 weeks old, 200–250 g). After mounting the hearts on the Langendorf apparatus, I/R was induced by the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery for 35 min, and reperfusion for 60 min. ALA (100 mg/kg/day) was administered orally in diabetic rats for five weeks before I/R. IPostC was applied immediately at early reperfusion. The arrhythmias were evaluated according to the Lambeth convention. Connexin-43 expression and NO levels were assessed by western blotting and Griess calorimetric method. Results:IPostC could not significantly decrease the number, duration, and incidence of premature ventricular contraction, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation, also the severity of arrhythmias in diabetic hearts. However, IPostC in combination with ALA-preconditioning significantly decreased the above mentioned parameters and recovered cardiac function compared with untreated or monotherapies-received diabetic rats (p< 0.05 to P<0.001).Furthermore, this combination therapy significantly increased connexin-43 expression and NO levels, compared with untreated diabetic rats (P<0.01).Conclusion: Preconditioning with ALA restored cardio-protection and anti-arrhythmic effect of IPostC in diabetic hearts. Increased connexin-43 expression and NO levels may be the key players in this cardio-protection.
Sanaz Gholami graduated in Master of Anatomical science from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2017 and she is about to finish her Ph.D course from the same university. She had research experience for more than five years. She is working on the effects of drugs and cardio-protective interventions in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury and myocardial infarction in diabetic rats.
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Background and Objective: Sleep staging plays a vital role in sleep research because sometimes sleep recording errors may cause severe problems like misinterpretations of the changes in characteristics of the sleep stages, medication errors, and finally, errors in the diagnosis process. Because of these errors in recordings and analysis, the sleep behavior and automated sleep staging system are adopted by different researchers with different methodologies. This study identifies specific challenges with the existing studies and highlights certain points that support the improvement of automated sleep staging-based polysomnography signals. Methods: This work provides a comprehensive review of an automated sleep staging system, which was contributed by the different researchers in the recent research developments using Electroencephalogram, Electrocardiogram, Electromyogram, and combinations of these signals Results: Our review in this research area shows that single-model and multi-modal signals are used for sleep staging, and also we have observed some great points from the existing methodologies: (1) It has been noticed that 30-s length of the epoch of EEG signals may not be sufficient to extract enough information for discriminating the sleep patterns but in the other hand that a 10-s and 15-s length epoch is well suitable for sleep staging, (2) due to similar characteristics on N1 and REM sleep stages, most of the traditional classification models misclassified N1 sleep stages as REM stage, which alternatively degrades the sleep stagging performance,(3) consideration of heterogeneous form signal fusions can give the improvement results on sleep staging, and (4) applying deep-learning based models like convolutional neural network (CNN) and extended short-term memory network (LSTM), deep models, combinedly to significant PSG signals can lead to more robust automatic sleep staging results. Conclusions: The review mentioned above points simultaneously improves automated sleep staging by polysomnography signals. These points can help to focus our research work from the traditional feature extraction method to systematic improvements such as automatic feature recognition without explicit features, a proper characterization of the sleep stage’s behavior, safety, and reduced cost.
Dr.Santosh Kumar Satapathy received his Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from Pondicherry University(Central University), Puducherry, India in the year 2022.He completed his M.Tech in CSE from BPUT, Rourkela, Odisha, India in 2012. He did Bachelor's degree in IT from BPUT, Rourkela, Odisha, India in the year 2009. He is also playing the role of a reviewer of many reputed journals, such as Scientific Reports(Springer Nature), Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Elsevier, Multimedia Tools and Applications, Springer, Journal of Healthcare Engineering, Hindawi, Sleep Oxford University Press, and Neuro Computing, Elsevier. He has worked as Assistant Professor in different colleges in Odisha for 8 Years. He has published his research works in various International Journals and Conferences. Areas of Interest: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Biomedical Signal Processing, Brain-Human Interface, EEG Data Analytics
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Objective The objective was to review all sudden unexpected death received in our laboratory for the four years period (2018 – 2021) after a recent cannabis use. Parameters evaluated were age,antecedents, sex, cause of death and toxicological results Scope: To elucidate whether cannabis use increase the risk to suffered from sudden death Methods The study was carried out by searching the LIMS database of the Department of Seville from INT-CF from 2018 until 2021, for all cases of sudden unexpected deaths related to cannabis use. We selected those in which cannabis use was recent due to the presence of THC in blood postmortem. Blood samples were screened for cannabis by CEDIA and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) and 11-nor-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH) were confirmed and quantified using solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The cut-offs applied were 1 ng/mL for THC and 11-OH-THC and 5 ng/mL for THC-COOH. Results 48 sudden unexpected deaths following recent cannabis use were recorded. In 87.5% of cases were male, the age rangeof 16 to 74- years-old, being the median 50-years-old and the mode 47-years-old. In 77% of cases the cause of death was cardiogenic, 6.2% subarachnoid hemorrhage and the rest other causes. Most decedent had pathological antecedents like arterial hypertension, obesity,epilepsy. THC concentrations detected inblood postmortem have been increasing for the period studied (Figure 1). The number of deaths increased from 7 in 2018 until 21 in 2021. Conclusion In people with certain pathologies and/or alcohol and tobacco use habits, cannabis use is a risk factor that could contribute to sudden unexpected death.
Teresa is graduated in Chemistry by University of Seville. In the early phases of her career,she worked in industry for 10 over years, including metal researchat Acerinox in Los Barrios (Cádiz, Spain) and in thevegetal extraction for cosmetic and food ends at Evesa in Algeciras (Cádiz), where she had to the role of Production Manager. In 2010, she joined the Chemistry and Drugs Services at the Spanish Ministry of Justice where she currently holds her position. Her main duties at the department includePost-mortem Toxicological Investigation in deaths by homicide, suicide, traffic accidents, a workaccident, as well as Toxicological Investigation in Live Subjects. Teresa did her doctoral thesis (2017) in Chemistry Sciences at the Chemistry and Drugs Service of the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (Seville, Spain).Her doctoral thesis focused on Stability studies of main drugs in blood and urine during post-analysis custody.
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Abstract: Driven by the global green technology and high technology, digital technology and green high technology have brought effects on the environment. Under this background, what impact does the green production brought by the adoption of high technology and digital technology have on the economic subject? Is it beneficial to the environment, economy, society, or not. Specifically, when adopting digital technology and high-tech technology, which indicators and technical systems have the ultimate effect on the economy, the environment, the main body of the company, and social welfare. Through empirical research, it has proved the role of digital technology and green high-tech technology in the economy. It also explains the positive effects of important elements on the environment and economy. This study measures the impact of FDI and technological innovation from 28 provinces in China on the carbon emissions of high-tech industries. The study used provincial data of China from 2000 to 2018. In addition to checking unit root characteristics, structural fracture and cointegration, this study also uses quantile regression to estimate the long-term relationship between research variables. The research results reveal the negative impact of foreign direct investment on carbon emissions. Technological innovation has a positive impact in the first three quantiles, and a negative impact in the next six quantiles. These results show that foreign direct investment and technological innovation shape the energy intensity of high-tech industries, which leads to the fluctuation of carbon emissions over time. After controlling the impact of urbanization, energy intensity and economic growth, this study suggests that policy makers should emphasize the heterogeneity of FDI and technology lead emissions in different quantiles in the process of CO2 emission reduction. At the same time, all A-share listed companies in 2007-2021 are used as the initial research sample. From the regression results of the two-way fixed effect model of fixed industries and years, it can be seen that the core explanatory variable of this paper, Digit, will have a positive impact on Salary, and this impact is significant at the level of 5%, that is, under the same conditions, the higher the degree of digitalization of enterprises, This will lead to an increase in the proportion of employee compensation in the total net profit of the enterprise.
Wang Zhaocheng, PhD candidate, School of economics of Sichuan University, research direction, digital economy.
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Background: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA)-guided personalized embryo transfer (pET) with conventional frozen embryo transfer (FET) in 281 Chinese women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Material/Methods: A total of 281 eligible patients with RIF were recruited and assigned to ERA (ERA followed by pET) and FET groups. The clinical pregnancy outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the ERA and FET groups in terms of endometrial thickness on the day of embryo transfer, mean attempts of assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment, anti-Mullerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, or antral follicle count in the fresh cycle (P>0.05). The ERA test identified 35% of samples as receptive and 65% as nonreceptive, and comparable pregnancy outcomes were observed between receptive and nonreceptive patients (P>0.05). Higher pregnancy and implantation rates were found in the ERA group than in the FET group (P<0.01), while no significant differences were detected between the 2 groups in terms of miscarriage rates (P>0.05). Conclusions: In this study of Chinese women with RIF undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, ERA-guided pETresulted in a significant improvement in pregnancy and implantation rates when compared with FET.
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